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History:
Gerald Gardner:
Publisized wicca in book "Witchcraft Today", 1954
Created the Garderian tradidion of wikka from
Doreen Valiente ("Mother of Wicca"):
Outlined traditional core beliefs, principles, and practices before Gerald publisized it, in 1940's and 1950's
Beleifs:
Wicca beleives in two gods, Tripple Goddess and Horned god
Tripple Goddess and Horned god stand for many things, which can be represented by lower level dieties
> Because of this they are often refered to as the "Great * god[ness]", great refering to containing other dieties
> Many interpretations on these gods. Some refer to them as a devine figure, others more an imporsonal force
> Commonality between traditions is that Wiccan dieties are viewed as forms of ancient, pre-christian divinities
Tripple Goddess:
Animals, natural world, afterlife, role model for men
Hornded God:
Life, fertility, described as ideal role model for women
Broader Wiccan beleifs can range from
monisim (all from one source),
panthesm (reality is the embodyment of god)
Godness Monothesism (a movement worshiping godnesses due to male dominated religon)
Monotheism:
> Gardner says above the two gods are "Supreme Deity/Prime Mover", entity too complex for humans to understand
That god created two "Under Gods", but are otherwise not involved in our world
> God is pantheistic, or part of the universe
Polytheisim:
> all gods are one god, all godesses are one godess
> Other stuff I shouldn't get into because this is taking too long
After life doesn't play centreal peice in religon
Reincarnation is common beleif
Many beleive in magic, not all
Spells often cast in a circle, and create physical changes such as healing, fertality, bandishing negativity
Early wiccans refered as their magic to white magic, to help seperate themselves from satanisim ("dark" magic)
People speculate wichcraft was a positive antitype, critising againsed christain fear of women with power/whiches
> They deny commonly associated negative stereotypes
Five elements:
> Spirit, air, water, earth, fire
> geolocational
Wheel of the year, usually 8 sabbats
> All traditions have these 4:
* candlemass
* May Eve
* Lammas
* Halloween
> Rites of passage:
*
Practices:
> Many partake in them without beleif, as the rituals themselves induce a religous experience more then "dry" practices
Values:
no centerallized dogmatic moral or ethical code, however, they beleive this:
> Wiccan Rede: "an it harm done, do what ye will"; you can do whatever with responsability.
Common beleifs:
> Law of Threefold return: What ever actions one takes, they get it back 3x stronger, or equal on mind body spirit.
> 8 virtues: mirth, reverence, honour, humility, strength, beauty, power, and compassion. Comes from Doreen Valientine
> Traditionally they were heteroexclusive (is that a word?), but sence then they've moved on and people are openly gay/bi
> Jonne Pearson claimed wicans don't claim their gods have all answers and live rationally, gods help obtain completeness
Tradition branches:
Wicca is devided into branches of diffrent beleifs and orginizational structures, these branches are called traditions
Misconceptions/controversy:
Is it a religon?
Evangelical Christains tried to make sure it wasn't legally classified as a religon
"Wicca has both influenced/been influenced by other Pagan religions, making clear-cut distinctions difficult for religious studies scholars"
Paragraph ideas:
History
Misconceptions
Controversy
Diffrent branches of wiccan
Values of wiccan
Beleifs of wiccan
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